- absolutism
- action theory
- activism
- administrative theory
- alienation
- anarchism
- anarcho-capitalism
- anarcho-feminism
- anarcho-syndicalism
- androcentrism
- anomie
- apartheid
- aristocracy
- Aristotelianism
- Austinianism
- authoritarianism
- authority
- autocracy
- backlash theory
- Bakuninism
- balance of power
- balance of terror
- Balkanization
- bargaining theory
- behavioralism
- Bentham's theory of utilitarianism
- billiard ball model
- biological determinism
- black box model
- Blanquism
- bolshevism
- budget-maximization theory
- bureaucracy
- capital logic
- catallaxy
- catastrophe theory
- centralization
- chicken
- Christian socialism
- circulation of elites
- citizenship
- civil disobedience
- civil society
- class dealignment
- class struggle
- class voting
- clerisy
- cock-up theory
- collective security
- collectivism
- collegialism
- colonialism
- common good
- communalism
- communications theory
- communism
- communitarianism
- complex interdependence
- conflict theory
- consciousness raising
- consent
- conservatism
- conservative paradox
- conspiracy
- constitutionalism
- constructive apathy
- contingency theory
- convergence theory
- corporatism
- countervailing power
- crisis management
- crisis of capitalism
- crisis theory
- critical theory
- cybernetics
- cyclical theory
- decision making theory
- decline of the West
- deference
- democracy
- democratic centralism
- democratic elitism
- dependency theory
- deterrence
- detonator theory
- development theory
- dialectical materialism
- dictatorship of the proletariat
- difference principle
- direct action
- direct democracy
- directed democracy
- distributism
- divine right
- dominant ideology
- domino theory
- doomsday theory
- double consciousness
- dual state theory
- economic determinism
- egalitarianism
- electoral competition
- elitism
- embourgeoisement
- encroaching control
- end of ideology
- equal freedom
- equality
- equality of states doctrine
- equilibrium theory
- Erastianism
- escalation
- essential contestability
- essentialism
- evolutionism
- exclusion theory
- exit, voice, and loyalty
- exploitation
- Fabianism
- false consciousness
- fascism
- federalism
- feminism
- feminist linguistics
- feminist methodology
- fetishism
- feudalism
- foco theory
- functionalism
- game theory
- gatekeeping theory
- gaze
- gender theory
- general strike
- general will
- geopolitics
- grand theory
- great man theory
- greatest happiness principle
- Grotian theory
- grounded theory
- group theory
- guild socialism
- heartland theory
- hegemonic stability theory
- hegemony
- high politics
- historical materialism
- human imperfection
- human nature
- hype
- ideology
- immiseration
- impacted pluralism
- imperialism
- incrementalism
- individualism
- industrial democracy
- inevitability of gradualness
- interests
- internal colonialism
- international morality
- international system
- internationalism
- iron law of oligarchy
- isolationism
- just war
- justice
- king's two bodies
- law of the small number
- legal positivism
- legitimacy
- legitimacy crisis
- Leninism
- liberal democracy
- liberal feminism
- liberalism
- libertarianism
- logic of collective action
- Machiavellianism
- managerial revolution
- managerialism
- Maoism
- market socialism
- Marxism
- Marxist feminism
- mass society
- master race
- materialist theory of history
- mercantilism
- meritocracy
- millenarianism
- modernization
- mood theory
- multilateralism
- mutual aid
- mutually assured destruction
- myth
- nationalism
- natural justice
- natural law
- natural rights
- neo-conservatism
- neo-corporatism
- neo-functionalism
- neo-liberalism
- neo-Marxism
- new age
- new class
- new left
- new liberalism
- new right
- NIMBY
- noblesse oblige
- oligarchy
- open society
- organic theory of the state
- overkill
- overload theory
- Owenism
- pacifism
- para bellum
- paternalism
- patriarchy
- PCism
- peaceful co-existence
- permanent revolution
- personal is political
- piecemeal social engineering
- pluralism
- plutocracy
- police state
- polis
- political correctness
- political culture
- political obligation
- polyarchy
- populism
- positive law
- possibilism
- post-materialism
- post-modernism
- power
- power corrupts
- prisoner's dilemma
- privatization
- progress
- proletarianism
- propaganda by the deed
- property
- property is theft
- public choice
- public interest
- public private divide
- racism
- radical feminism
- radicalism
- raison d'etat
- rational choice
- real self
- realism
- relative autonomy
- relative deprivation
- representation
- republicanism
- revisionism
- revolution
- rights
- rule of law
- satyagraha
- separation of powers
- separatism
- sexism
- situationism
- social choice
- social contract
- social credit
- social Darwinism
- social democracy
- socialism
- socialism in one country
- sovereignty
- spontaneous order
- Stalinism
- state
- state capitalism
- state of nature
- structural functionalism
- subsidiarity
- survival of the fittest
- syndicalism
- systems theory
- Thatcherism
- three worlds theory
- toryism
- total war
- totalitarianism
- tradition
- tragedy of the commons
- trahison des clercs
- Trotskyism
- tyranny of the majority
- unilateralism
- utopianism
- vanguard party
- veil of ignorance
- virtual representation
- volonte generale
- welfarism
- white man's burden
- withering away of the state
- workers' control
- world society
- zero-sum
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individualism
(20th century)
Theory opposed to collectivism.
Human social life is to be understood in terms of the actions of individuals, who are the basic units of society. Complementarily, the basis of moral reasoning consists in the rights of individuals, rather than of groups, societies, or nations.
Source:
David Miller et at., eds, The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought
(Oxford, 1987)
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