- absolutism
- action theory
- activism
- administrative theory
- alienation
- anarchism
- anarcho-capitalism
- anarcho-feminism
- anarcho-syndicalism
- androcentrism
- anomie
- apartheid
- aristocracy
- Aristotelianism
- Austinianism
- authoritarianism
- authority
- autocracy
- backlash theory
- Bakuninism
- balance of power
- balance of terror
- Balkanization
- bargaining theory
- behavioralism
- Bentham's theory of utilitarianism
- billiard ball model
- biological determinism
- black box model
- Blanquism
- bolshevism
- budget-maximization theory
- bureaucracy
- capital logic
- catallaxy
- catastrophe theory
- centralization
- chicken
- Christian socialism
- circulation of elites
- citizenship
- civil disobedience
- civil society
- class dealignment
- class struggle
- class voting
- clerisy
- cock-up theory
- collective security
- collectivism
- collegialism
- colonialism
- common good
- communalism
- communications theory
- communism
- communitarianism
- complex interdependence
- conflict theory
- consciousness raising
- consent
- conservatism
- conservative paradox
- conspiracy
- constitutionalism
- constructive apathy
- contingency theory
- convergence theory
- corporatism
- countervailing power
- crisis management
- crisis of capitalism
- crisis theory
- critical theory
- cybernetics
- cyclical theory
- decision making theory
- decline of the West
- deference
- democracy
- democratic centralism
- democratic elitism
- dependency theory
- deterrence
- detonator theory
- development theory
- dialectical materialism
- dictatorship of the proletariat
- difference principle
- direct action
- direct democracy
- directed democracy
- distributism
- divine right
- dominant ideology
- domino theory
- doomsday theory
- double consciousness
- dual state theory
- economic determinism
- egalitarianism
- electoral competition
- elitism
- embourgeoisement
- encroaching control
- end of ideology
- equal freedom
- equality
- equality of states doctrine
- equilibrium theory
- Erastianism
- escalation
- essential contestability
- essentialism
- evolutionism
- exclusion theory
- exit, voice, and loyalty
- exploitation
- Fabianism
- false consciousness
- fascism
- federalism
- feminism
- feminist linguistics
- feminist methodology
- fetishism
- feudalism
- foco theory
- functionalism
- game theory
- gatekeeping theory
- gaze
- gender theory
- general strike
- general will
- geopolitics
- grand theory
- great man theory
- greatest happiness principle
- Grotian theory
- grounded theory
- group theory
- guild socialism
- heartland theory
- hegemonic stability theory
- hegemony
- high politics
- historical materialism
- human imperfection
- human nature
- hype
- ideology
- immiseration
- impacted pluralism
- imperialism
- incrementalism
- individualism
- industrial democracy
- inevitability of gradualness
- interests
- internal colonialism
- international morality
- international system
- internationalism
- iron law of oligarchy
- isolationism
- just war
- justice
- king's two bodies
- law of the small number
- legal positivism
- legitimacy
- legitimacy crisis
- Leninism
- liberal democracy
- liberal feminism
- liberalism
- libertarianism
- logic of collective action
- Machiavellianism
- managerial revolution
- managerialism
- Maoism
- market socialism
- Marxism
- Marxist feminism
- mass society
- master race
- materialist theory of history
- mercantilism
- meritocracy
- millenarianism
- modernization
- mood theory
- multilateralism
- mutual aid
- mutually assured destruction
- myth
- nationalism
- natural justice
- natural law
- natural rights
- neo-conservatism
- neo-corporatism
- neo-functionalism
- neo-liberalism
- neo-Marxism
- new age
- new class
- new left
- new liberalism
- new right
- NIMBY
- noblesse oblige
- oligarchy
- open society
- organic theory of the state
- overkill
- overload theory
- Owenism
- pacifism
- para bellum
- paternalism
- patriarchy
- PCism
- peaceful co-existence
- permanent revolution
- personal is political
- piecemeal social engineering
- pluralism
- plutocracy
- police state
- polis
- political correctness
- political culture
- political obligation
- polyarchy
- populism
- positive law
- possibilism
- post-materialism
- post-modernism
- power
- power corrupts
- prisoner's dilemma
- privatization
- progress
- proletarianism
- propaganda by the deed
- property
- property is theft
- public choice
- public interest
- public private divide
- racism
- radical feminism
- radicalism
- raison d'etat
- rational choice
- real self
- realism
- relative autonomy
- relative deprivation
- representation
- republicanism
- revisionism
- revolution
- rights
- rule of law
- satyagraha
- separation of powers
- separatism
- sexism
- situationism
- social choice
- social contract
- social credit
- social Darwinism
- social democracy
- socialism
- socialism in one country
- sovereignty
- spontaneous order
- Stalinism
- state
- state capitalism
- state of nature
- structural functionalism
- subsidiarity
- survival of the fittest
- syndicalism
- systems theory
- Thatcherism
- three worlds theory
- toryism
- total war
- totalitarianism
- tradition
- tragedy of the commons
- trahison des clercs
- Trotskyism
- tyranny of the majority
- unilateralism
- utopianism
- vanguard party
- veil of ignorance
- virtual representation
- volonte generale
- welfarism
- white man's burden
- withering away of the state
- workers' control
- world society
- zero-sum
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difference principle
(1971)
Theory for applying equality, proposed by the American political theorist John Rawls (1921-2002).
Treating people unequally is only justified if by so doing the least advantaged member of society is made better off.
Source:
David Miller et al., eds, The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought
(Oxford, 1987)
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